A legitimacy crisis occurs when an individual, organization, or government loses the trust and confidence of the public, leading to a loss of legitimacy and authority. This can be caused by a variety of factors, such as corruption, unethical behavior, or a failure to address the needs and concerns of the people. When a legitimacy crisis occurs, it can lead to widespread distrust, protests, and a breakdown of social and political order. Restoring legitimacy often requires significant efforts to address the underlying issues and rebuild trust with the affected stakeholders.

The legitimacy of jihad and Urban II's crusade can be compared in terms of their religious justifications and historical contexts. Both were seen as legitimate by their respective religious communities, with jihad being justified within Islamic teachings and the crusade being sanctioned by the Catholic Church. Additionally, both were seen as defensive actions by their proponents, with jihad being seen as a struggle to defend Islam and the crusade being seen as a response to the perceived threat of Muslim expansion in the Holy Land. However, the legitimacy of both has been questioned by modern scholars and historians, who have critiqued the violence and religious intolerance associated with both concepts.

A formal legitimacy error occurs when an action or decision is made by an individual or organization that does not have the proper authority or mandate to do so. This can include situations where the decision-making process was not followed correctly, or where the decision was made by someone who does not have the necessary qualifications or authorization. Formal legitimacy errors can undermine the credibility and effectiveness of the decision-making process, leading to potential challenges or disputes.

The grounds for legitimacy can vary depending on the context, but generally, legitimacy is based on the acceptance and recognition of authority by the people or relevant stakeholders. Legitimacy can be derived from legal frameworks, such as constitutions or laws, which establish the authority of a government or institution. It can also be based on historical or traditional norms, where authority is accepted due to longstanding customs or cultural practices. Additionally, legitimacy can be derived from the consent of the governed, where the people willingly accept the authority of a government or institution through democratic processes or social contracts.

The legitimacy of a contract refers to whether the contract is legally binding and enforceable. For a contract to be considered legitimate, it must meet certain criteria such as mutual agreement, offer and acceptance, consideration, capacity of the parties to enter into the contract, and legality of the subject matter. If any of these elements are missing or if the contract was entered into under duress, fraud, or coercion, it may be deemed illegitimate and unenforceable in a court of law. Ultimately, the legitimacy of a contract is essential for ensuring that parties are held accountable for their obligations and that their rights are protected.

The majority vote is considered legitimate because it reflects the will of the majority of the people participating in the decision-making process. It is a fundamental principle of democracy that ensures that decisions are made based on the preferences of the majority, thereby promoting fairness and equality. The legitimacy of the majority vote lies in the idea that it represents the collective voice of the people and provides a mechanism for peaceful resolution of conflicts and differences in opinions.

Input-Output is a legitimate method used in economics and business to analyze the interdependencies between different sectors of an economy. It provides a systematic way to understand how changes in one sector can impact other sectors, making it a valuable tool for policymakers, businesses, and researchers. Input-Output analysis is widely accepted and used in various fields due to its ability to provide insights into the complex relationships within an economy.

The legitimacy of a government refers to the rightful authority and power it holds to govern a country. It is based on the consent of the governed, adherence to the rule of law, and the government's ability to effectively represent and serve the interests of its citizens. Legitimacy can be derived from democratic elections, adherence to a constitution, and the protection of human rights. A government's legitimacy is crucial for maintaining social order, stability, and the trust of its citizens.